1987
New At(I)-complexes for nuclear medicine ;1987), open-chain thiacrown
ethers as well as phosphorous-containing ligands proved to be strong ligands
for At(I) cations, the stable complexes may be applied for cancer treatment
by the short-lived isotope At-211 in Nuclear Medicine.
1991
Molecular co-extraction process of Ln3+ and Na+(1991)
/ Am3+ and K+ (1994)
So far, ‘co-extraction’ described the extraction of two metal ions
by one type of ligand. Another known phenomenon is the extraction of metal
ions coordinated to two different kinds of ligands. New is the extraction
of two different metals (as ions) by one ligand molecule, thus creating
a supramolecular complex. This effect was first
detected with calix[4]arenes and Ln3+/ Na+, where
it leads to improved mutual Ln(III)-separation.
It was later confirmed for Am3+/Na+, and for larger
metacyclophanes and Am3+/K+. So, the selectivity
towards f-elements can me modulated by adding alkali salts.
1992
Coupling of Langmuir-Blodgett and mass spectroscopy for stoichiometric
determinations
The stoichiometry of a saccharide-phenylboronic acid complex in bulk
solution can be determined by conventional methods. The complex as arranged
as mono-molecular film at the air-water-interface however, differs in its
stoichiometry from that of the bulk phase. To determine the stoichiometry
unequivocally, MS was coupled with Langmuir-Blodgett film for the first
time.
1992
Sensitized molecular saccharide assemblies at interfaces
Saccharides are covalently bound (or ‘complexed’) by boronic acids.
This esterification reaction usually requires a basic pH to occur. It was
shown by the author that a neutral pH is sufficient, when the boronic acid
(a phenylboronic acid) is co-assembled as a mixed monomolecular film with
amines at the air-water interface. This assembly binds sugars strongly
at pH 7, or in other words, at neutral pH the sugar recognition becomes
much more sensitive.
By assembling phenylboronic acids as monolayers, the chiral
discrimination of saccharides is possible.
By applying polycations in the subphase,
a similar effect results.
1993
Energy transfer in monolayers
Applying fluorescence emission coupled with UV-reflection
spectroscopy of monolayers at the air-water interface the author has
shown that the energy transfer from an excited macrocyclic ligand to the
encapsulated rare earth ion can be modulated by the surface pressure with
which the monolayer is compressed. As a result, the emission
spectra change with the compression and differ from those in
homogeneous solutions. This may be applied for luminescence detection.
1997
Separation process Am3+/Ln3+ for analyt. purpose
(1997, 2000 improved)
The separation of trivalent actinides from lanthanides is a challenge
for the chemist. Only in recent years strategies were developed by various
groups, such as dithiophosphinic acids, nitrogen-containing ligands, CMPO-derivatized
calixarenes, and calix[6]arenes with mixed functional
groups. The latter give separation factors in the range of 65
(Nd/Am) and 110 (Am/Eu). Recent improvements aimed at the better
extraction from strongly acidic media while keeping the selectivity.
1998
Coupled transport between anion and cation in solvent extration, monitored
as via the refractive index gradient changes in the system UO22+
/TcO4- by using analytical ultracentrifugation (98/99);.
By applying the synthetic boundary double sector type centerpiece,
the overlapping between diffusion- and reaction-controlled chemical
transport was confirmed by applying a mathematical model.
1994-2001
Developed over 50 new calixarene derivatives with emphasis on mixed
functional groups engaging in cooperative binding